Wiki-Waste-Workshop (South Africa)
Turning waste into sustainable development opportunities through remote co-learning

The Wiki-Waste-Workshop

The Wiki-Waste-Workshop Model (Gant and Woodard 2014)
Waste is a consequence of what we think, feel and do (Gant 2015)

Through the topic of ‘waste’ we explore design interventions, counter- cultures and creative innovations that respond to a profligate society.

The Matters research theme explores the behaviour of matter and matters of behaviour and. We engage in the re-valuation of waste material, seeing it as a resource for social, cultural, economic and environmental development.

The Wiki-Waste-Workshop is a specific research project exploring the notion of a co-learning space facilitated by shred knowledge and accessible technologies.

Design staff and design and craft students work with communities in remote places across the world to creatively and collaboratively work together to make a difference.

By using different 21st century communication technologies and interactions we develop relationships, learn from one another and support the improvement of lives and places by sharing knowledge and ideas.

In 2015 we started working with The Dreamcatcher Foundation and a community called Melketfountain in South Africa.

We starting testing a co-designed model that seeks to understand what makes a place, its values, needs and resources including what waste they have in the community. We then work collaboratively with the community to design and create meaningful products made from the waste that respond to their values and needs.

The aim was to provide a supportive connected-community nurturing co-learning between remote places and foster social development through shared knowledge development. This leads to new life and community improvement opportunities. WWW supports personal and cultural development and improved identity, education especially for women through creativity and entrepreneurship stimulated by new relationships and shared learning experiences.

Communities can generate value to improve lives and designers and students get real insights as to how to apply their skills in 'making a difference'. The workshop is therefore as much a conversation and relationship as it is a creative, productive space.

Thanks to Dreamcatcher and Utopia Foundation for supporting the project.

Place: (South Africa)

Wiki-Waste-Factory model (to be researched)
Linear consumption of matter

Some communication / reference documents from Dreamcatcher

Needs (resources from the NGO)

Identity development Nick Gant and Colin Jenkinson
Identity and communication development Nick Gant and Colin Jenkinson

Presentation from Ryan from the School of Environment and Technology and Anthea Rossouw the Founder of Dreamcatcher

Place: Melkhoutfontein (South Africa)

Materials to help you understand more about local culture and heritage in Melkhoutfontein and the surrounding area. This includes guides on history of the area, the ancient fish traps and bird population

Waste / Resources

Milk is usually purchased in cartons which makes up 2% of the waste
Organics make up 30% - note this is mostly peelings. We have another project installing composters in the community
Further examples of organics
Metals make up 3% - these are mostly steel food cans. There is very little aluminium drinks cans in the waste stream as most drinks are packaged in plastic or glass and aluminium will be sold to the local scrap dealer
Ricoh is a popular coffee which is packaged in steel cans
5% was plastic film - this includes large amounts of crisp packets !
Other examples of plastic films
Glass makes up 9% - this is mostly clear glass jars or brown beer bottles. There are no return/deposit schemes for glass in Melkhoutfontein
Disposable nappies make up 12% of the waste
Clear PET bottles make up 4% of the waste - most soft drinks are purchased in plastic rather than cans
Recyclable paper makes up 10% - in general levels of paper are low and few have a daily paper. Paper is often used around the house for cleaning
Clothing make up 2% - most clothes thrown out of are at the end of their useful life for wearing
Examples of shoes
Card makes up 7% this includes egg boxes
Other examples of card in the waste stream
Polystyrene trays make up 2% - often meat, fish, fruit and vegetables are packaged in this way. Most food is purchased at Spar and Ok in Stilbaai
1% of the waste stream is made up of pots, tubs and trays
Its very popular for women to wear wigs and hair extensions
Composition of waste
Composition of plastics

Images of the waste stream

March 2016 update

We've spoken to the main users of pallets in Stilbaai and local stores are now charged £15 if a palette is not returned to its supplier. The exception is for broken pallets. An idea could be for the pallets that are available to be used as frames and
Many of the homes have metal numbering which does not weather well. One idea could be to use the plastics to produce house numbers and lettering for homes - people in the community loved this idea. This could also be used to produce lettering for the
Reeds are abundant and could be used for feedstock for papermaking/card.
The community paint up project has also started with images inspired by local heritage

Waste / Resources: Problematic non-indigenous, invasive acacia cyclops

Anthea and Yellow with examples of Acacia
Acacia - 8 cm circumference
Acacia - 16 cm circumference
Acacia - 19 cm circumference
Acacia 23 cm circumference
Acacia - 26 cm circumference
Acacia - 29 cm circumference
Acacia 34 cm circumference
Acacia 61 cm circumference
Acacia bark
Acacia cross to be integrated into the the renovated church
Debarked Acacia 19 cm circumference
Acacia staves
Felled Acacia
Cross section of felled Acacia
Typical branch
Typical characteristics - suitable for tools

New images of Acacia March 2016 - including a range of sizes (varying from 8 cm to 60 cm in circumference) and cross sections.

First products!

Second year students from Uni of Brighton have developed a number of potential products and processes for the 'wiki-waste-workshop' brief situated within the community's botanical garden.

Having scoped the waste materials available and explored the potential for functional, cultural, educational and profitable products and souvenirs - the key aim is to add value (value+).

The proposals include watches made from reconstituted sea shells found as an abundant historical waste stream, jewellery cast onsite by visitors to the garden, paper pulp seed labels that contain indigenous seeds, juice cartons and crisp packets and paper turned into functional objects like school-bags, rain ponchos and saleable beach bags.

What a joy it was to present the initial prototypes to the community via Skype! We built a great working relationship with our Kamama friends! A really meaningful and emotional exchange between both parties thousands of miles apart but united in the aspirations for the project.

A brilliant day sharing ideas for the factory and community all created from everyday waste.

Sharing tools: 'LIVE' tutorial video with the Kamamas!

This is a video of our first trial live tutorial between some of the Kamama women (hi ladies!) and a third year student Matilda - demonstrating how to turn problematic cartons into new woven materials.

Sharing tools: 'Live' tutorial pictures

Kamamas working with student Matilda to make versatile fabric from problematic cartons.

Sharing tools: 'How to' make a versatile material from used carrier bags

Carrier bag sheet material

Sharing tools: How to make a bag from bags!

How to make our brilliant bag made from the 'abundant' carrier bags!

Sharing tools: How to make a coat rack from the 'pest' acacia cyclops and the plastic bottle lids

Creating a coat rack from the waste Acacia timber (non indigenous invasive plant) and old bottle tops

Products: second phase of co-designed products

Valorisation Framework

Key strategies for adding value to (and via) waste

Comments

ryantheeagle posted on 21 November 2016 07:37

Hi Giulia

Thanks for your questions. See my response below

Is tea a common beverage? and is it loose tea or in tea bags the one sold in the area?

Tea and coffee are both popular - most tea is in tea bags - very few will have loose tea.

Also, is there any food stalls on the beach? (like take away restaurants/fast food?) - I am looking into food packaging here-

There only tends to be food stalls on the beach during Christmas (their summer and height of the tourist season). However a common trend in Stilbaai and Melkhoutfontein throughout the year is the use of polystyrene containers for takeaways. All fish and chip shops, take outs including from Spar (the main supermarket in town where they sell take aways) etc use disposable polystryene trays. Lots of meat and fruit/vegetables are also packaged this way.

Are disposable cutlery part of the percentage of waste plastic?? cheers

Yes - but a very low percentage.

I would suggest focusing on dense polystryene containers - they are very bulky and in plentiful supply.

Hope this helps.

Regards

Ryan

Giulia posted on 14 November 2016 16:42

Hi all, I have a few questions!

Is tea a common beverage? and is it loose tea or in tea bags the one sold in the area?

Also, is there any food stalls on the beach? (like take away restaurants/fast food?) - I am looking into food packaging here-

Are disposable cutlery part of the percentage of waste plastic?? cheers

Matters project posted on 11 March 2016 15:26

Hi all

Thanks for the question below on flowers/plants - see answers

What species of flowering plants are there? What flowering plants are being used in the botanical garden?

We are in the middle of the Cape Floral Kingdom and there are a couple of thousand species in the area. These range from Proteacae (Proteas) to Restio species (thatch and grasses) and many will feature in the garden.I've had a look and suprisingly there is a lack of accessible on line visual guides to the species of the Floral Kingdom but I've passed on a book to Tanya that you can borrow which provides a images and profiles of many of the species that feature in the garden.

What seeds could be sold?

During the first years we will be selling the seeds of a wide rance of high flowering indigenous daisies (many species),and Gazania specie to start off with. We will eventually sell the rare March Lily as we have hundreds of them they are bulbs. We will sell organically grown vegetables and edible herbs.

Hope this helps

Anthea

Matters project posted on 8 March 2016 08:52

What species of flowering plants are there?

What seeds could be sold?

What flowering plants are being used in the botanical garden?

Matters project posted on 6 March 2016 18:16

Hi all

I hope you are well. Just a quick update - we've uploaded lots of new images on Acacia (see the Acacia update box) including information on dimensions.

Zoe - thanks for the post. We've added a short recipe book to the 'March 2016 update' box - Cook-Up with Kamamma. This is a project the Foundation worked on in collaboration with an organisation in Canada which saw some of the Kamammas going to Toronto. The book includes profiles on some of the Kamammas and some of their recipes. Its a scan of a document - hopefully you'll find something usable in there.

Matilda - thanks for the information on tetrapack - I'll let Anthea know and we'll look into this.

Regards

Ryan

Matters project posted on 3 March 2016 18:38

This is a message for Anthea -

I'm doing the spoon/kitchen utensil project and we talked briefly about traditional food. I was wondering if you could send over some traditional recipes?

Thankyou!

Zoe

Matters project posted on 3 March 2016 16:29

Hi everyone,

I recently discovered an article about a recycling factories in South America and one in South Africa, that processes old tetra paks. The recycling centre is a partnership between local recycling factories and the Tetra Pak company.

The tetra paks are 'chipped/ shredded', the paper is extracted and used to make new card/paper and then the aluminium and plastic coating is dried and heat pressed to make sheet material, which can then be made into corrugated roofing/ building material.

Anthea, I thought this could be an amazing possibility/opportunity for the community, and perhaps you could contact Tetra Pak directly... Just a thought!

Here's the link ---- http://bestinpackaging.com/2009/12/13/brazil%E2%80%99s-small-scale-business-model-for-recycling-post-consumer-tetra-paks/

Matilda

Matters project posted on 3 March 2016 09:26

Hi all

I hope your projects are going well - Anthea was impressed with the work presented at the crit. As you know she is on the ground in Melkhoutfontein and sent an update to Nick/Stefano/Tanya with some information that would be useful to your projects.

I've added a couple of photos onto the site as well.

I look forward to seeing your work next week.

Regards

Ryan

Matters project posted on 10 February 2016 14:52

Hi

Thanks for the latest questions - see our response below:

Would it be possible for the community to get hold of corrugated cardboard from the shops in stilbaai or is this material recycled?

This might be possible - Anthea is in South Africa next week and will report back. Something to be aware of is that households and businesses in Stilbaai have recycled collected by the municipality whilst the same service is not offered in Melkhoutfontein.

Also are tyre inner tubes a material available to get hold of?

Are you referring to old ones or new ones for bicycles? In regards to old ones - no and certainly not available on a consistent/large basis. Few residents have bikes and there is not a specialist bike shop in town. There is a sport shop though this tends to focus on fishing tackle. If you are referring to new inner tubes these would be available from that shop.

And how easy is it for the community to get hold of PVA and a source of water?

PVA - there is a hardware store in town where this could be sourced from there. In regards to water it depends how much is needed? In general though it is available as there are two springs in Melkhoutfontein and water available on tap.

Furthermore straw?

Straw is not available in significant quantities but reeds are in plentiful supply and they are growing on the property. Note the boma from the launch presentation is made from large reeds and a thinner/softer reed is available almost like papyrus.

just wondering what beach activities occur? during tourist season or not? do people surf/what is the surf like there? do they bodyboard, have picnics, play sports? like in the uk? sunbathe? can it get windy? what do tourist tend to buy a lot of? souvenirs etc ?

Very much like in the UK e.g. people picnic, sun bathe, swim. Body/board/wind surfing is very popular and has one of the best surfs in the country. People are also into sailing/boating - especially as you've got the river going out to the ocean. In terms of activity the peak periods are September to April.

Yes it can get very windy especially in August/September and February/March.

A really big event is the Annual Rugby 7s that takes place on sand 27-28th December annually where approx 20,000 people come to participate/watch.

In regards to what tourists buy look at the guidance published already which shows different market profiles - look at the 'dc-uob_design_ideas_ex_community08jan16.pdf file' under the Wiki-factory box.

Thanks

Anthea and Ryan

Matters project posted on 8 February 2016 17:20

Would it be possible for the community to get hold of corrugated cardboard from the shops in stilbaai or is this material recycled? Also are tyre inner tubes a material available to get hold of? And how easy is it for the community to get hold of PVA and a source of water? Furthermore straw?

Matters project posted on 6 February 2016 15:47

just wondering what beach activities occur? during tourist season or not? do people surf/what is the surf like there? do they bodyboard, have picnics, play sports? like in the uk? sunbathe? can it get windy?

what do tourist tend to buy a lot of? souvenirs etc ?

thanks

Matters project posted on 29 January 2016 17:45

QUESTIONS ON ACACIA/SOURCES OF WOOD

Hi all

We had a question in regards to sources of waste wood in the community.

Please note that Acacia can be used to make furniture in its natural state - there is a photo of a chair made from Acacia under the 'Acacia Cyclops section'. - click through the photos.

However it has not been utilised in the traditional way of cutting into sections/planks and planing. It has not be used commercially due to other specicies being readily available.

One thing to consider if you want planks/make furniture is to consider if the Acacia could be chipped and used to make a boarding material? I think this is something for you to discuss with teaching team. Likewise have you thought about using the Acacia as a frame due to its reliance and integrating other materials?

In regards to other sources of waste wood. Our knowledge at present is that there would be limited amount of pallets/crates etc as these normally get reused (i.e. collected by the suppliers).

You might remember from the project launch the images of the dumpsite in Melkhoutfontein. Any construction waste from the area is now delivered to the site and this would include waste wood - however there would be no consistent supply of material.

There is drift wood available (see image from the project launch of some of the Dreamcatcher kids making a shelter on the beach). There are two sources of the drift wood. If you look at the launch presentation there is an aerial photo showing the river mouth which flows into the ocean. This river is the the longest navigable river in South Africa with its source being the mountain range approx 35 km away. Following heavy thunder storms - which are frequent during summer - there is often flash flooding which results in wood being washed into the river and to the beach (often the wood travels over 30 km away). The other source is driftwood from the ocean.

Anthea will follow up to find out how much drift wood ends up on the beach (plus details of other materials). We will post onto Community21 once we hear back from Cape Nature - hopefully early next week.

Keep your questions coming !

And don't forget the botanical garden and beautiful nature.....

Have a good weekend

Regards

Ryan and Anthea

Matters project posted on 29 January 2016 17:29

IMPORTANT NOTICE - PLEASE READ

Dear all students

We want to fast track your information needs and provide you with the best support available. Can you all please follow the following communication protocols:

  1. Use the Community 21 platform - either by posting a comment or by looking at the information posted (note we are continuously updating information - and will post a comment when new information is added). Also don't forget to look at many ideas suggested by the community - the document is 'dc-uob_design_ideas_ex_community08jan16.pdf' under the Wiki-factory box.

  2. If you can't find this information or due to the individual nature of your query please e-mail Ryan directly rw95@brighton - he works closely with Anthea and will endevour to respond asap. Note that the Dreamcatcher Foundation has extensive community links with diverse local knowledge and this is the quickest way to get information and photos. This will also eliminate you waiting on e-mail responses from third party organisations/individuals who may not be as well connected and informed on the community.

Regards

Ryan and Anthea

Matters project posted on 29 January 2016 16:07

Hi all

Thanks for your latest questions. Answers to the three previous questions on the 'old' botanical garden, housing, and wreaths are available in the 'ar_rw_response_to_students_questions_29_1_16.pdf' file available from the 'Wiki-Waste-Factory' box under downloads.

We've also sourced some further information on Acacia from the National Department for the Environment in South Africa who were are specifically tasked with managing invader species - see 'department_of_environment_research_on_acacia_cyclops.pdf' under the Acacia box.

This includes information on their dimensions, moisture and extent. There are also a few other photos including cross sections of the wood - its important to note the exterior of wood is hardy and doesn't splinter. There is also an image of a chair made from various sized Acacia bows (we will try and get some better photos). The wood is just debarked and used in its natural state.

Regards

Anthea and Ryan

Matters project posted on 29 January 2016 12:42

What do their memorial wreaths look like ? are there any particular traditions for colour, shape, wording?

Matters project posted on 28 January 2016 09:46

Hi, Andrea, Doing a little more research on the area I have noticed that on on the tourist pages for Still Bay, they are mentioning Melkhoutfontain as having the botanical gardens and the Soete-Arbeid craft centre. Do you have any details on this please? Many thanks Cat

Matters project posted on 27 January 2016 15:47

what are the arrangements like inside the houses? do they have furniture, beds tables, storage space etc? or they most empty adaptable spaces?

Matters project posted on 26 January 2016 22:03

I met with students who had expressed an interest in using the Acacia wood on Monday 25th to discuss possible strategies. From Yellow's introduction, it appears that the local dune Acacia is very bush like - typically no more than 50mm diameter and often less. It does not look like a species that can be used in plank form, more likely to work with the organic shapes of branches not dissimilar to the sample walking sticks (?)

We discussed the possibilities of band sawing slices to create irregular profiles / to steam bend forms for baskets / to use the Power Tenon drill to create simple joints / to scorch the wood to fast dry and make decorative effects without dyes.

We discussed reforming waste polymers as rivet joints - and as a means to add colour. With caution about the fume hazards associated with these processes.

We discussed making yarns from Acacia fibre for weaving - and how weaving and binding are commonly practised craft techniques in Africa. That scrap metals could be welded together as armatures for binding over.

I brought along some examples of castings made from aluminium cans - raising the question of how much energy is needed to melt small amounts of material which is contaminated with toxic films and lacquers.

In my view, bandsaw, Power Tenon, pillar drill, wood lathe and steam bending box would be very practical tools to use for craft practice with the Acacia wood

Stefano Santilli

Matters project posted on 26 January 2016 13:12

Hi all

Thanks for your latest questions. Answers on food and the beach are available in the 'ar_rw_response_to_students_questions_26_1_16.pdf' file available from the 'Wiki-Waste-Factory' box under downloads.

Also we've added some more images/info in the Acacia Cyclops box - we'll be adding some more later this week.

Regards

Anthea and Ryan

Matters project posted on 25 January 2016 15:21

I'm just wondering what the diet is like (other than junk food!) and if there are any traditional recipes from the area that cooked in local households - especially bread recipes...

Matters project posted on 21 January 2016 20:48

wondering about access to the beach by community? what are the coastlines/beaches like? interms of rubbish being washed up? who uses the beaches? weather? are they popular? if so who too? to tourists? are they used a lot? or all year round?

Matters project posted on 20 January 2016 18:12

Hi all

We hope you are making good progress on the project. Thanks for the questions below. We've uploaded the following file ar_rw_response_to_students_questions_19_1_16.pdf which is available for the 'Wiki-Waste-Factory' box above under downloads.

In regards to materials in the waste stream we've added a box of images and some comments. We've also added some more information on Acacia Cyclops in the box above and also added some more reference materials.

If you have any more questions please don't hesitate to ask!

Regards

Anthea and Ryan

Matters project posted on 19 January 2016 14:10

Here are some questions that popped up at our ideas development session last week. We were hoping that Ryan and/or Anthea could answer them for us: * Which traditional crafts are still practiced in the community? i.e.. weaving, knitting etc. * What sort of jobs do the men do in the community? * Are there animals farmed in the area? * Are the loos flushing or composting? *Please could you give us some waste stream detail, as we don't want to design things with materials that are not generally found in the area. We know there are carrier bags and film, trays,cans etc, but are there HDPE corks for example?

Nick posted on 8 January 2016 20:31

You can ask questions here if you are logged in..